The Clash of Civilizations Free Essays

The Clash of Civilizations? It is Samuel Huntington’s supposition that contention in the post-Cold War world would be brought about by social contrasts, clashes among countries and gatherings of various human advancements. In today’s time, it is increasingly basic to assemble nations regarding their progress viewpoints, for example, religion or culture, versus that of their financial frameworks. Huntington clarified how collaboration among the various developments will shape the world we live in and any contentions will happen among the distinctions of every progress. We will compose a custom paper test on The Clash of Civilizations? or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Huntington gives five purposes behind his convictions. The principal reason is on the grounds that developments are fundamental. The distinctions happen among customs, culture, language, religion, and so forth. Also, human advancements are seeing increment collaboration so individuals are getting increasingly mindful of those distinctions. Third, monetary change and social change are changing how individuals see certain human advancements from the manner in which they may have been seen previously. Fourth, the West has caused an expansion of more individuals being natural of different civic establishments. Fourth, the distinctions and attributes of human advancements are less alterable; those of one development can't just turn out to be a piece of another progress. At long last, there is an expansion in monetary regionalism. Like the subsequent point, there is an expansion association among human advancements. Exchange has expanded, making individuals subordinate upon different developments to prompt their prosperity. Huntington utilizes the Cold War as the timeframe where the contrasts between civic establishments would cause strife, supplanting the contrasts between political or ideological limits. Huntington breaks the world into â€Å"major civilizations†, The West, Latin America, The Orthodox, The Eastern World, The Muslim World of the more noteworthy Middle East, The development of sub-Saharan Africa, â€Å"Lone† nations, and â€Å"Cleft† nations. Huntington clarifies how the West is a superpower contrasted with different human advancements and it is frequently reflected in worldwide choices, for example, that of the International Monetary Fund, going for the West. This permits the West to control the world, with their inclinations, yet with their convictions also. Subsequently, there is struggle among the West and different civic establishments. As we contrast this article with today’s world in 2012, I accept that gives that are emerging are contrasts in progress convictions. Huntington’s speculation, as I would like to think has been demonstrated valid. For instance, The West has confidence in correspondence, the right to speak freely of discourse, human rights, and so on. Was that not the whole reason for entering Iraq, to wipe out the intensity of Saddam Hussein, who didn't have any convictions of the Western ways? The West is really a stalwart who accepts the world ought to work as they do which I don't accept will change. Civic establishments have held solid in their convictions; particularly contrasting The West with different human advancements, leaving strain among them. Step by step instructions to refer to The Clash of Civilizations?, Papers

The color purple; shades of gender discrimination Annotated Bibliography

The shading purple; shades of sex separation - Annotated Bibliography Example t of Alice’s work gives off an impression of being because of the way that she herself was raised in a zone where there was commanding sexual orientation and shading separation. Alice’s work focuses by implication or straightforwardly upon the essentialness of ladies being autonomous inside the male arranged society. The entire thought of the work as per Bates was relying on helplessness, practices and choices which ladies visualize when held or made up for lost time during testing circumstances and there is away from for the sort of ladies who support themselves and their own improvement. Harold sprout investigates the functional tone of Alice Walkers composing and brings up the carelessness of sentimentalism from her work dissimilar to whatever other female writer which makes her composing style somewhat straight forward and to the point. Harold thinks of her as work depicting the quality of family and blood, confidence, and otherworldly holding. Her work shows the distinction between the conditions looked by ladies in that time and ladies of this worldwide period. Alice’s work gives her women's activist nature by drawing a lady delivering disparity in her obligations of being a devoted and yielding spouse, this demeanor showed in a portion of her characters made a yearning among African American ladies to get equivalent to men in the public eye. Merriam Webster gives a decent meaning of freak conduct as the one which is acknowledged as a standard. Its utilization evades the contrast between the mentalities appeared towards male and female. As females being thought of, something disgustingly not quite the same as the standards of the general public .Even however ladies around then had begun to perceive the forces and possibilities skilled by God to herself having no appropriate privileges of their own they were consistently in a questionable position. This examination centers around the significance of expressions and its effects on the connections among people. This examination investigates the noteworthiness of expressions in any event, influencing the scholarly champs to create some opposition against the quietness

The French and Indian War Dbq free essay sample

The French Indian War had cause a huge number of changes and moves In America, on political, affordable, and ideological levels the same. For a beginning, the French and Indian War adjusted the political parts of the 13 settlements. Preceding the French Indian War, because of the possibility that it was gainful or solid for the 13 states in the event that they had some feeling of opportunity, autonomy and self-administration, this was named Salutary Neglect. The principle type of political administration in the states was the frontier assemblies.These gatherings were answerable for administering their separate provinces through city courts. These courts would settle on choices that related to every one of the provinces, such as designating individuals to the unicameral and bicameral gatherings. Expanding on this information, after the war finished in 1763, with the Treaty of Paris 1763, one of the principle results was the finish of Salutary Neglect. Most frontier congregations were closed down subsequently, giving the provincial Royal governors more force than they recently had. Another outcome of the Treaty of Paris 1763 was the French losing each and every piece of their territory in North America (Doc. A). The French initially battled in the French Indian War for control of the Ohio River Valley, which was an Important zone for exchange and development. Advancing ceaselessly from the political perspectives cap were adjusted by the French Indian War, the efficient angles were additionally changed eventually. Prior to the start of the French Indian War, Britain didnt have any major assessments forced onto the colonies.That was before the war. After the French Indian War was battled, and the Treaty of Paris 1763 marked, the Stamp Act was forced in 1765 by George Ill to help pay for the shortage made by the French Indian War, just as King Georges War (1739-1748). This demonstration was passed because of Britain requiring more income, with respect to the income originating from the states earlier o this demonstration was not yet adequate to settle a fourth piece of the cost important for gathering F). The Stamp Act, as you may already know. Wasnt an expense on stamps, but instead an assessment on printed reports, for example, papers, diaries, deeds, letters, and so forth. The Stamp Act required all printed records to be stepped with an uncommon engraving, which confirmed the archive. Inability to do so would probably bring about a fine, or reallocation of the product, which is the reason it confronted such a great amount of resistance from the pioneers, despite the fact that it just influenced a certain few.Benjamin Franklin composed a letter, routed to John Hughes In Pennsylvania, recommending the revoking of the Stamp Act (Doc. G). On the off chance that he wouldn't rescind the Stamp Act, Franklin cautioned him that it would make him exceptionally disliked among the pilgrims, and discredited that he should attempt to accommodate the settlers after the war, Instead of burdening them. Benjamin Franklin really dreaded fierce restriction to the Stamp Act. This in the long run prompted the Stamp Act emergency, which brought about Liberty Trees being planted. At these freedom trees, authorities sent to humiliation.The Virginia Resolves were likewise passed because of the Stamp Acts, which asserted it as illegal, and they couldn't be burdened without portrayal in Parliament. This sort of rough restriction prompted the canceling of the Stamp Act in 1766, and the death of the Declaratory Act in 1766 which gave Britain the option to make laws for the provinces. This idea is called parliamentary power, and conflicted with the privilege of assent of the administered, and the settlers common privileges of life, freedom, and property, or then again, the quest for happiness.The British likewise accepted the pilgrims Virtual Representation. This is the possibility that the states were spoken to in Parliament by implication. Likewise, before the French Indian War finished with the Treaty of Paris 1763, which brought about the Proclamation Line of 1763, which ran from the West of the Appalachian Mountains to England, Native Americans were getting cautious about their territory, and cautioned the homesteaders to expel themselves from their region, concerning they reserved no privilege to settle (Doc.B). The Chief of the Iroquois Confederacy, Concatenates, told the delegate bodies in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia that essentially, their intentions are straightforward, and the Native Americans knew the estimation of their territory and educated the protections to speedily expel their men from their property (despite the fact that it wasnt legitimately theirs) on the grounds that they reserved no privilege to settle, and they felt significantly disrespected.After the war finished with the Treaty of Paris of 1763, the P roclamation Line was attracted to keep every single British pioneer from settling West of the Appalachian Mountains to forestall every future strain with the Native Americans, despite the fact that procedure the war, an enormous arrangement of their territory was at that point lost. The war at last made monetary worry in the settlements, since it brought about more assessments (Doc. F), ND segregated exchange with the Native Americans, concerning we as a rule exchanged hide pelts with them. This likewise couldve foreshadowed their refusal to Join the homesteaders in a collusion during the Albany Plan of 1754, too the issue of westbound development with Chief Pontiac Rebellion in 1763, which brought about the silly homicide of thousands of British pilgrims. Including to other monetary issues made by the war, the trade approaches of the Navigation Acts were starting to turn out to be vigorously authorized once more. Britain locked in on the settlements to raise income (Doc. F. ). This put a significant end on pirating of products to the 13 colonies.With the death of the Writs of Assistance, the quartering British officers reserved an option to enter a homesteaders home at whenever and seize anything they associated with being snuck. Pirated great were infrequently found, yet it angered the pilgrims that the British reserved an option to do this on their territory. To start the last point, are the adjusted ideological viewpoints that were changed because of the French Indian War. Going before the French and Indian War, a portion of the pioneers were flunky to Britain. During the war, in 1755, George Washington composed a letter to Robert Erne, wishing to Join the civilian army.

Human Sexuality Essays (165 words) - Slavery, Battle Of Fort Sumter

Human Sexuality The Civil War The Civil War began when the North needed to end servitude and the South needed to remain. The war had begun. The North and South pieces of the U.S.A were battleing at Fort Sumter. At the point when the principal shot sprang out everybody began to shoot since one of the men got shot. Each side couldn't have cared less the amount they utilized their firearms since they had somewhere in the range of 30 and 42 pds. of explosive. The fight went on everlastingly many individuals passed on for the most part dark. The greater part of the individuals kicked the bucket on each side . Than finnally on April 14, 1861 the clash of Fort Sumter finished. Significant Anderson had surrenderd. This was the skirmish of the century. Later they considered this fight the Civil War. To think this fight was uniquely about subjugation. said a man.It seemms more than servitude. A blonde lady says It is more than subjection. To ponder servitude. Human Sexuality

70s Fashion Began Where the 60s Left Off Free Essays

70s design started the last known point of interest. Smaller than normal skirts were famous and theflower power impact was all over the place. 60s’ patterns initially embraced by the lovely individuals sifted into standard wear. We will compose a custom paper test on 70s Fashion Began Where the 60s Left Off or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Pants were flared and shirts had huge collars. For men, the kipper tie was soon standard wear with a suit. These young ladies (above) are at a gathering in the late spring of 1970. They show that the smaller than normal skirt was a long way from dead. 70s’ design took on a large number of various styles and impacts. Just as the hippy style of the late sixties, there was sentimentality for the past. First for the 20s and 30s, at that point the 40s and 50s lastly the Edwardian period. There was likewise worry for the earth and solid ethnic impacts. Men’s style embraced a look that would have been viewed as too female a couple of years sooner. Shirts were tight fitting with huge collars and were splendidly designed. There was likewise a pattern towards unisex garments. The proper suit was as yet expected to be worn to an evening gathering during the 70s; for more youthful men it was normally just worn in the workplace or for formal events. Pants, progressively flared, were mainstream with people for regular wear. Before the decade's over, change was in transit. Punk dismissed everything that had gone previously. Small scale, midi or maxi The fame of the smaller than usual skirt was tested in the mid 70s and a gathering of (male) truckers even composed a crusade to bring it in 1970. Nonetheless, the smaller than usual stayed well known in the early long periods of the 70s, yet ladies currently could picked between, scaled down, midi, (mid-calf length) or maxi (full length) skirts. Hot jeans, ultra short shorts, now and then with a tucker and supports, were a minor departure from the subject. The young lady on the abovementioned, right, is wearing some naval force hot jeans with long white socks. Her pullover is in a botanical example and has a major neckline with adjusted corners. Longer dresses, propelled by the hippy period of the late sixties, were additionally in style, with paisley or botanical examples being well known. I lived in Portsmouth in 1970/71/72 and was matured 16-18 around then so had its best. Hot jeans, smaller than usual skirt/dress, long dress and maxi coat, wide overflowed caps, seed globule adornments and a headband round my head!! I was a genuine hippy in any case and went to the Isle of Wight pop celebration in 1970. Chris Flares and stage soles Two patterns characterized the 70s in a manner sense: flared pants and stage soles. Flares were gotten from the hippy design for nut case jeans of the late 60s. They were worn by people. The flare was from the knee and arrived at overstated extents in the center long periods of the 70s. The pants were regularly fashionable people, sitting on the hips instead of the midriff, and tight fitting. The blend of flares and denim made flared pants the design marvel of the decade. Stage soles were principally worn by ladies and progressively in vogue men. There were wellbeing admonitions about harm that could be caused to the back in later life, however the design didn't keep going long enough for that to have an impact. There was a component of thirties retro in the style of a portion of the shoes, which resounded the thirties’ love of two-tone or co-respondent dark and cream or earthy colored and cream hues. Brilliant hues likewise gave the shoes to a greater extent a space age look. Stage soles on eBay Nostalgia impacted style during the 70s. Barbara Hulanicki’s Biba mark promoted a look got from the 20s and 30s. There was a short style for boisterously handled tweed Oxford Bags for people from around 1972. These were generally worn with stage soled shoes in 30s style two-tone designs. Biba took over respected, old London retail chain, Derry and Toms, in 1973 and transformed it into an Art Deco castle. The Biba store turned into a hip gathering place and a total way of life emporium. The Biba look was a long cotton skirt, worn with a long sleeved shirt or frock, and beat with a floppy overflowed cap. Biba was relatively revolutionary in giving a total way of life store. In any case, Biba didn't bode well; it was all the more a spot to hang out than to shop. A huge piece of the store’s floor space was not used to sell stock. Enormous Biba, as the store got known, shut two years after the fact. Laura Ashley, established by Bernard and Laura Ashley during the 1950s, thought back further when they acquainted British ladies with Edwardian style dresses and nineteenth century roused botanical prints in the mid-70s. Laura Ashley, not at all like Biba, was economically fruitful is as yet going solid today, albeit unfortunately Laura Ashley herself met an unfavorable passing in 1985. Formal events The 70s were more loose than the 60s. Be that as it may, on formal events and in the workplace men despite everything wore suits. The kipper tie, supported by the in vogue in the late sixties, turned into a standard men’s extra. For ladies, long dresses were regularly worn for formal events. This wedding, left, is from 1970. The lady’s floppy cap and long dress drew motivation from the hippy time just as sentimentality for the 1930s. The earthy colored shading, additionally got from the 1930s, was famous all through the 70s. Long hair was in vogue for the two people. Facial hair were likewise mainstream. This again was an aftereffect from the bloom power long periods of the late 60s. In numerous peoples’ minds psychedelia was especially in, in spite of the fact that the popular music scene had proceeded onward by at that point. Pants and the easygoing look In the more loosened up state of mind of the 70s, pants were progressively mainstream. At first minimal transformed from the sixties, yet by the mid seventies the vast majority were wearing flares. Printed shirts were additionally progressively well known during the 70s, as were mentors and canvas shoes. Late 70s design By the finish of the 70s, flares were still standard style. This gathering, left, shows two more youthful men with long hair. One wears a softened cowhide safari coat with a wide neckline and earthy colored, flared pants. This look was supported by Brodie and Doyle in the TV arrangement, ‘The Professionals’. The other youngster with a short cowhide coat and flared pants is increasingly easygoing and more youthful looking. The more seasoned man has a facial hair (a truly trendy look during the 70s) and wears a wet-look type anorak. The lady is wearing a suit. Flares, denim, long hair and cheesecloth shirts were the staple of 70s men’s design all through a large portion of the decade. Motivated by the hippy development of the late sixties, this look, resounding the hippy long for Free Love and hopefulness, didn't fit with the end long periods of the 70s, however standard style couldn't change. 70s Punk design Punk came to most people’s consideration from 1977 onwards through the exposure encompassing the first Punk band, The Sex Pistols. The Sex Pistols’ advertiser, Malcolm McLaren, together with his accomplice, creator Vivian Westwood, made the first Punk look. Their shop at 430 Kings Road, initially named ‘Let it Rock’, a Ted restoration store, was called ‘Sex’ at the time the Sex Pistols band showed up. The look depended on a sexual interest for dark calfskin, primarily for its stun esteem, joined with tore shirts conveying trademarks intended to incite. McLaren and Westwood changed their shop’s name again to ‘Seditionaries: Clothes for Heroes’ toward the finish of 1976. The new name proclaimed a completely Punk standpoint. The stock included servitude pants, subjugation dresses and another shirt highlighting the Punk message, â€Å"Destroy†. Punk was a dismissal of anything that was viewed as acceptable taste. Torn and blanched garments were a piece of the look, as was spiked hair, colored in brilliant hues. Dark make up and security sticks as hoops were regularly worn. For most Punks, many of whom were jobless, the look could without much of a stretch be made from changing recycled garments as opposed to from an excursion to the Kings Road. Punk itself kept going into the mid 80s. Its significance however, was as an impetus for change in the design world. Punk dismissed the flared pants and cheesecloth shirts which were well known standard style. It dismissed the hippy style and the hippy perspective on the world. Vintage Punk style on eBay Late 70s design inclines The finish of the seventies saw the presence of various youth cliques framed shaped in the wake of Punk. Among those was a restoration of the Mod style of the sixties, just as the Teddy Boy look of the fifties. Standard youth design additionally changed drastically; the 1980 film, ‘Gregory’s Girl’ delineates how rapidly. One of Gregory’s mates, who is a year more established, has left school and found a new line of work as a window more clean. He has set aside his cash to purchase a white coat with huge lapels. Gregory’s contemporary, Steve, has a white coat with lapels an inch wide. There was constantly a specific method to wear a school tie. In 1979 the bunch was tied close to the wide end. The 3 inch long tie was tucked into a pullover, to give the impression it was a kipper tie. From 1980, it was collapsed down the middle length approaches to lessen the width and squeezed with an iron so it waited. By 1980, school ties were regularly worn ‘back to front’ so that the ‘thin end’ was conspicuous. The fat end was tucked into the school shirt, behind the bunch. Somewhat awkward, yet in vogue. Al I was coming into my youngsters in 1979, however the punk look was still particularly for the minority and most children despite everything had longish hair, shirts with large collars and flared pants, in spite of the fact that the flares were decreasing. Locally the mod recovery toward the finish of 1979 slaughtered off this design instead of punk. By 1981 seventies designs and music had become a complete joke and practically nobody under 50 would be seen dead in flares. Indeed, even punk was being classed as predictable and excessively seventies. Glenn A High style was totally different toward the finish of the 70s. Ralph La

What the Fall 2016 curriculum plan looks like COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

What the Fall 2016 curriculum plan looks like COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog This time of year we receive several requests from incoming students asking for an idea of what their education will look like starting in September. As the image above previews (drag the arrows), your course load will be packed in classes in quantitative preparation, policy development, and international topics of interest. Then as things progress, your schedule will focus more on courses in your concentration and specialization. The good news is the course offerings vary and rotate per semester so theres always something interesting to discoverâ€"SIPAs even added some new courses this year! Browse the  Curriculum pages to delve deeper into the current lineup and the sample pictured above.  But dont let the more than 300 course listings stress you out. Youll have plenty of time to plan and register for classes during orientation week. We just wanted to give you a sneak peek of whats to come. (Keep in mind course requirements will vary if you pursue a dual-degree program, so contact the Office of Student Affairs with specific questions.) Later this summer youll be assigned an advisor and s/he will fill you in on all of the details in August. Until then, enjoy your break. Oh, and heed some course-selection advice from a recent graduate, Sriram Gutta, MPA ’15. Not sure where to get started with your course search? Take a look at Our PAs favorite courses at SIPA.

Type An Essay And Check The Result

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A Experiment On Playing Basketball - 1141 Words

This experiment was conducted because of a love of basketball. The tested variable was the basketball court surface that gave the basketball the highest bounce in inches. After testing each surface, the data was averaged. Based on the data, the multi-purpose floor averaged .7 inches higher than the hardwood, which was 3.3 inches higher than the concrete. Introduction â€Å"Playing basketball can be hard work. Players not only have to run around the court, but just dribbling the basketball takes some serious effort, too.† (â€Å"Surface Science: Where Does a Basketball Bounce Best?†). This is because when the ball hits the ground the energy stored inside transfers into different types of energy (ex. Heat, sound). But, which type of court restores the most energy back into the ball? The three types of court surfaces being tested on are wood, multi-purpose, and concrete. â€Å"All professional and collegiate leagues use hardwood court for their basketball games.† (Lorelie). There is a reason why they use them. Concrete flooring is another surface researched. â€Å"These are the popular types of surfaces for outdoor basketball courts. In fact, nearly all who play basketball starts playing on concrete or asphalt court.† (Lorelie).This shows that they must be popular for their bounce. The last surface researched was the mul ti-purpose floor. This court is a little more rare than the other floorings. It has more traction and a consistent bounce (Lorelie). This experiment helps society becauseShow MoreRelatedAn Experiment Transpired Because Of A Fascination With Basketball1084 Words   |  5 PagesThis experiment transpired because of a fascination with basketball. In inches, the tested variable was the basketball court surface that gave the basketball the most immense bounce. After testing each surface, the data got averaged out, and based on the statistics, the multi-purpose floor averaged .7 inches more colossal than the hardwood, and 3.7 more than concrete. Introduction â€Å"Playing basketball can be hard work. Players not only have to run around the court, but just dribbling the basketballRead MoreBasketball As A Physical Education1396 Words   |  6 PagesBasketball was originally created by James Naismith in 1891. The beginning of was created in Springfield Massachusetts. The game will use two teams and 10 players on the court. The coaches help train the player to play well at games and tournaments. Players need certain equipment to be able to play. The history of basketball begins 123 years ago. In December of 1981 a teacher at the YMCA in Springfield Massachusetts named James Naismith wanted to create a new game. Naismith managed to get basketballRead MoreWhat Is It About Theories in the Human Sciences and Natural Sciences That Makes Them Convincing798 Words   |  4 Pagesskate and hit to a wall, I am the one who falls and got hurt, then how can I believe the wall got the same mutual force from me as well? However, one day, my teacher brought two same sized basketballs to the class. He put both of them on the floor and called two students to push the balls. When the basketballs collided with each other; both of them started to move backward. That is how my teacher proved Newton’s third law of motion and that’s when I started to believe. My sight as one of the senseRead MoreThe Effects Of Optimal Arousal And Performance1686 Words   |  7 Pagesensure relative sample size. Their age range will be 19-25 and att ending a Canadian University, competing at the university level playing basketball. Participants will be men and women who have participated in competition within the past week of the study. This study with disclude non-team sport athletes and not take class level into account. 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Additionally, whole person development means a program wants to promote physical, psychologicalRead MorePhysical and Motor Development Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pagesher to continue working on her large motor development, specifically towards walking independently and how to keep her arms engaged as her leg muscles continue to develop. Activities/experiences that I would recommend are to continue having her experiment with walking supported in a walker toy that will allow her to learn independence but still provide her safety and support. With her increasing mobility, fully baby-proofing the house is essential at this point – in particular outlets and sharp cornersRead MorePh ysical, Mental, and Social Benefits of Playing Sports Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pagesrugby type game was even played to settle feuds between villages.   With the development of the industrial revolution and the creation of the first public schools, sports decreased in violence and were played more recreationally and constructively.   Basketball was invented to help the youth in New England spend their energy in the winter months.   Since the early 1900’s sports have been a key experience in the United States (â€Å"History of Sports†).   I have played sports for many years, and the experienceRead MoreHoop Dreams : Dream Deferred2370 Words   |  10 Pagessummer they enter high school, to their entry into college. Both African-American teenagers are recruited from different parts of Chicago, but they came together to begin their freshman year at St. Joseph’s High School, the institution that built Basketball superstar Isaiah Thomas. Both Arthur and Will iam begin their journey in a similar manner, but were exposed to the complexity of their dream, their education, and negative societal factors that ultimately change the course of their lives. CriminologicalRead MoreEducation And Education : The Benefits Of Sport Education1040 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition for Sport education? It’s a way that you can make your mind and body be more stronger on your education by choosing a good sport. There will are so many good effects by doing sports, for instance, students can be tough after they playing basketball, and they can be If we want to analyze the effects , we need to find out the main reason that why students need to do some sports in their education. In the modern life, there are so much pressures in studying, and they can come from familyRead MoreRacial Prejudice And Its Effects On Society887 Words   |  4 Pagesopinions of whoever may be listening to the radio, potentially causing them to view these negative prejudgments as acceptable and even leading them to adopt these opinions themselves. Prejudice lyrics have become socially acceptable and the songs playing on the radio are too often promoting prejudice con tent, desensitizing societal members to prejudice language. When lyrics containing prejudice content are promoted, people become exceedingly comfortable using prejudice language either singing or just

Being A Hero Means To Be A Leader. To Be A Leader You Have

Being a hero means to be a leader. To be a leader you have to have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is right of freedom and equality of all people. Major leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X they were involved with the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. They were willing to fight until the end to make a change in society. Both men wanted to give the rights to all black people in America of living as an equal human being. But they both had their own ways of trying to make history and trying to make a difference for black people. Martin Luther believed in fighting verbally to fight with wisdom and knowledge, but Malcolm wanted to fight with action to†¦show more content†¦speech was the most important speech during the Civil Rights movement because, he was pointed out all the wrong white people have done, he stated out to right were internal and shaming American sins that stretched back to the days of slavery. He expresses nothing has truly changed since slavery, and he wasn’t going to let hatred and racism go on any longer. King wanted to change the history of African-Americans of being more worthy than just as slaves. During the 19th century black people were continuously living in the shadow, being disrespected, and mistreated because of the color of their skin. They couldn’t live in peace. White people didn’t give them the full opportunity of education. Martin Luther couldn’t let that continue, he wanted to show the wrong white people have done to harmless African-American people. King believed everyone should have a chance to get a good education no matter what color skin. Everyone has the ability to learn and study the same levels of education as long as they work hard for it, no one should stop anyone from achieving a successful life. In document D it states, â€Å"We are on the move now...let us match on segregated schools until every vestige of segregation.† (Martin Luther, Capitol steps) Martin Luther wanted to make an improvement in society bringing all the people together. To show that everyone is equal and everyone is an equal human being. Education to Mar tin Luther King Jr. was enable a man to become moreShow MoreRelatedSophocles Antigonon : The Tragic Hero : Creon742 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragic Hero: Creon Hero. Hero comes from the greek word heros meaning â€Å"A person who faces adversity, or demonstrates courage, in the face of danger.† Growing up we have always read stories about heroes coming to save the day; for instance, Captain America. Being that our whole lives we were mostly exposed to heroism, have you ever asked yourself what is the opposite of a hero? A villain is the opposite of a hero, but their is another opposite form of a hero; a tragic hero. A Tragic hero is â€Å"A literaryRead MoreLoachus : A Hero : Odysseus As A Hero737 Words   |  3 PagesOdysseus is a Hero There are countless ways to describe a hero. A hero is someone who fights for what they believe in. They fight with their men and are determined to come back home. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is a hero because he is a leader, very determined, and is extremely skillful. Odysseus was a leader in various ways. He led his men through the Trojan War and many difficult challenges that faced them. Sometimes he didnt want so many men walking in on something unexpected, so he only took aRead MoreGilgamesh a Hero1746 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of Gilgamesh, the King of Uruk who is two thirds god and one third human, is a interesting and intriguing piece of literature. The story tells of Gilgameshs strength, bravery, intelligence, looks, and loyalty making him a true model hero. It says that Gilgamesh was (pg.13), given a perfect body and endowed with beauty and courage and his beauty surpassed all others. Throughout the story he is constantly going into battle and going on long adventures to find answers that will betterRead MoreThe Character Of Odysseus An Anti-Hero1705 Words   |  7 PagesTraditionally, a hero is the main character of a story and has noble qualities. In Homer’s Odyssey, the central character is the great Odysseus; however , Odysseus’s nobility is questionable on multiple accounts during the Odyssey. Odysseus almost fits the role of a character who is a strong leader, charismatic, and selfless, but under the microscope, he does not live up to hero status. Homer acknowledges Odysseus’s wit and wisdom through the accounts of other characters, but upon â€Å"meeting† him, heRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1722 Words   |  7 Pagesthing that Superman and a policeman have in common. They are both heroes. No matter how different the fields are, they are brave, helpful, and hardworking. A hero can be someone known for courageous achievements. They are normally men, but can be women too. Heroes come in many different ways. Some characteristics of a hero are someone who has enormous courage, strength, and knowledge. They usually have a big effect on people’s life and are pretty well known. A hero is also known for helping people andRead MoreImportance Of The Hero s Journey1696 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of the Hero’s Journey Think about what makes someone a hero or a heroine. Do they commit acts of bravery? Do they stand up for what is right? Do they put themselves before others? In various works of literature, film, and real life there is evidence of the Hero’s Journey. Typically, a hero is considered someone who goes out and achieves great things, not only for themselves but for the greater good. In the book â€Å"Hero with a Thousand Faces† written by Joseph Campbell, the film â€Å"Whale Rider†Read MoreWhat I Have Learned of Leadership1198 Words   |  5 Pageswhat I have learned in the semester of Leadership because the courses focus was not about memorizing data, but rather learning about having the will to lead and finding the courage to make it happen. A majority of the information I learned from this course came from learning about myself. Through readings, course activities, and various projects, I learned what makes a great leader, but more importantly what traits I posse ss that will make me a great leader. In order to be a great leader, one mustRead MoreDivergent Anti Hero Essay 1437 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Amanda Schnur ENG3U1 Ms. Kidd y-03-18 A Female Anti-Hero In the movie â€Å"Divergent† directed by Neil Burger, the central character Beatrice, shows many different characteristics of being an anti-hero. Beatrice Prior otherwise known as Tris is the main protagonist character and the narrator of the film. She is a strong willed 16 year old who lives in a society divided into groups called factions, based on individual human virtues. With her coming of age, she must now choose one of the factionsRead MoreComparing Beowulf, An Anglo Saxon Epic Hero1292 Words   |  6 PagesIn life the courageous hero has forever stood as a standard of whom we should be and who we wish to be. In the story of Beowulf, an Anglo-Saxon epic the hero is one that is easy to understand, Beowulf fights monsters he is loyal to his Lord and shows very strong and powerful leadership skills. Beowulf is the perfect Anglo-Saxon epic hero who displays courage, bravery, and strength during his battles against evil. Beowulf can be viewed as the standard courageou s hero. In this story courage is viewedRead MoreThe Modern Hero Of Beowulf1050 Words   |  5 PagesAaron Payne Mr. Walter English IV September 28 The Modern Hero â€Å"The art of leadership†¦ consists in consolidating the attention of the people against a single adversary and taking care that nothing will split up that attention† (Adolf Hitler). Although Adolf Hitler may have been one of the worst men in history, he had a similar rise to power as the Geatish warrior Beowulf did. He gained his leadership by showing up to Germany in their time of need and telling them that he can fix their economic depression

Jane E. Wilson And Fanny Fern - 1471 Words

Pride is a broad character trait that has both positives and negatives associated with it. The way one goes about confronting the hurdles in their life determines how others will perceive them. The wrong kind of pride can have serious negative ramifications on one’s life. While not a hard and fast rule, often characters of lower class tend to be written to show positive pride and work through their struggles, while the people of a higher class show a negative pride that limits the before mentioned characters associated with a lower class. Through their writing, Harriet E. Wilson and Fanny Fern exhibit a myriad of levels of pride exemplified by various characters, in their books, Our Nig or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black and Ruth Hall: A Domestic Tale of the Present Time, respectively. In Harriet E. Wilson’s book, Our Nig, there are two opposing types of pride that are present throughout the book. The positive character of Frado, the young mulatto, is much different than that of Mrs. Bellmont’s negative pride, however the two are dependent upon each other. As Mrs. Bellmont is a privileged, white woman, Frado is a helpless, indentured servant to the Bellmont family. It is this whiteness, this superiority over the colored, which fuels Mrs. Bellmont’s hate and abuse toward young Frado. In the historical timeframe, even though Frado is considered a free black, she owns no property. As Philip Gould states in his discussion of class, â€Å"property is both evidence

Video Games Cause Violence - 1931 Words

Video Games Cause Violence Video game violence is an increasing problem in today’s youth with violence as one of the most popular themes. Games such as Grand Theft Auto and Call of Duty are among the most popular games and have been scientifically proven to have a major effect on teens. Many people try to argue that there is a difference in the effects between genders, however it has been proven wrong. Video games have the same effects as other forms of entertainment but do not get attacked like video games because the other forms are much larger than video games and have a much wider audience. Violence in video games is a rising problem in the United States, causing teens to have less self-control and more emotional disturbances,†¦show more content†¦The country already has a reputation for banning outright any games that offend their censors, and a lot of material fails to (legally) make it to German gamers without heavy edits. This latest murder spree is not going to help matters at all (Sterling). This type of actions could eventually spread to the United States and make it hard for game makers to make a violent game and cause them to lose prophet and go bankrupt having a small toll on the economy. The Effects of the Games Violent video games are significantly associated with: increased aggressive behavior, thoughts and also cause increased physiological arousal and decreased pro-social behavior (Anderson). At the Indiana University School of Medicine, researchers say that brain scans of kids who played a violent video game showed an increase in emotional arousal and a corresponding decrease of activity in brain areas involved in self-control, inhibition, and attention. However what was not clear was what the MRI images indicate a lingering–or worse- permanent effect on the child’s brain, and what the effects longer playing times might have (Kalning). All of which are negative effects. Evidence form brain scans in another test seem to support a connection between playing video games and activation of regions of the brain associatedShow MoreRelatedViolent Video Games Cause Increased Violence Essay1855 Words   |  8 Pagesobjective of video games is to entertain people by surprising them with new experiences.† (Shigeru Miyamoto) Shigeru Miyamoto is the creator of some of gaming’s most iconic video game characters, Mario Jumpman Mario, Link and Donkey Kong; while also, serving as co-Representative Director of the game company, Nintendo and is highly respected. Miyamoto, based on the quote provided, feels that video games are meant to entertain people and nothing more. However, many people feel as though video games only causeRead MoreViolent Video Games Cause Violence : Cause Of Violence And Video Games1377 Words   |  6 PagesLit. 27 November 2017 The Blame Game Statistically, 2017 has become the year with second lowest crimes rates since 1990, assuming there isn’t a big resurgence in violent crime between now and the end of the year (Bump). However, violent crimes continue to be a problem in modern-day America. Many have sought out to find out the root of these crimes and what causes them, and as a result, many different things have been cited as a cause for violence. Violent video games are said to be a possible sourceRead MoreVideo Game Violence : The Cause Of Violent Video Games1000 Words   |  4 Pagesmentioned that the cause of violent video games became an issue for public debate after teenagers and the main cause of this is the parallel effect. Based on the Studies done for violent video games correspond with individuals having violent acts. Also, young adolescents reveal that those who play a lot of violent video games become more aggressive and see the world as more hostile. The article also revealed that this acts would be a coincidence or a cause from playing violent videos. Additionally, researchersRead MoreDo Video Games Cause Violence?752 Words   |  3 Pageswith, video games are something kids, teens, and even adults enjoy playing every day. Video games have provided people endless hours of entertainment to people across the globe, yet people seemingly want to get rid of video games altogether. Whenever any sort of crime occurs and a report comes out that the individual plays video games, video games take the blame rather than the person who committed the crime. Video games tend to be a very common scapegoat for causing violence. However, video gamesRead More Video Games Cause Violence Essay546 Words   |  3 PagesVideo Games Cause Violence Video games have become a major occupation of majority of the youth these days. They spend hours on end concentrating on video games, some of which are apparently very violent, yet this is actually the whole idea. Coming from the horses mouth is an argument in support of video games coined from a video programmers point of view, stating that violent video games allow people to do what they can not do in reality- virtual reality. ( http://www.theroc.org/roc-mag/textarch/roc-15/roc15-08Read MoreViolent Video Games Cause Violence843 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games have been around for half a century when, the first simple tennis game was designed by William Higinbotham in 1958. Since then, video games have gotten more in depth, with better graphics and more options which include violent video games. Violent videos have gotten more popular with a better amount of variety including the franchise of Call of Duty, Battlefield, and Grand Theft Auto. These are the most common and popula r video games and because of the violence in them debate has startedRead MoreVideo Games Do Not Cause Violence1619 Words   |  7 PagesVideo game violence has been a discussion dating back to games like Pac-Man and Space Invaders to current games like Call of Duty and Mario. Many people are lead to believe that video games can cause children to act violent. However, video games do not cause violence in children. Video games can help in many ways either in society, people with certain disorders, or improve some mental issues. Video games help shape society in the way they bring people together. Video games are said to bring kindnessRead MoreVideo Games : Can It Cause Violence?1379 Words   |  6 PagesVictor Chau Professor Myers ENGL-1301 Video Games: Can it cause violence? Any action against violent video games should be met with more research and that any banning of violent video games should come under more significant scrutiny. For sometime, many people consider violent video games to be the cause of violent behavior in the younger generations. However there are also people who would refute such claims that violent video games are the causes of tragedies, and would point to another reasonRead MoreViolent Video Games Cause Violence1906 Words   |  8 PagesEver since he started playing video games, like Call of Duty. Violent video games have been a battle that my family has been fighting for a few years now. My brother, started out small, playing Nintendo games and simple games like Crash. However, m y brother has always had a slight anger management problem and even with easygoing games, he became furious when he lost. Because he has lofty dreams of winning every game possible, he will not stop. Now, with video games, like Call of Duty and God of WarRead MoreEssay on Violent Video Games Cause Violence? 1170 Words   |  5 Pagesand aggression is everywhere; in magazines, in the shops, on the TV, on websites like YouTube as well as in video games. Yet, why is it that those video games are assumed to be the biggest media source responsible for the violent outbursts of different individuals? Is this really the case? Every eight out of ten homes in the United Kingdom own a existing generation games console and video games have become a extraordinary source of education when helping kids to learn, such websites like educationcity

Social Exclusion and Disability Free Essays

The convention to give right to disable ppl should be supported with capacity building on different levels in the government as well as the private sector. it is estimated that a large number of women in Pakistan are having various forms of disability. â€Å"In our society women are already considered weak and disability adds to their woes,women having disability in our country is considered as â€Å"double disability†. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Exclusion and Disability or any similar topic only for you Order Now steps il be taken for anti discrimination of disabled ppl.. n swat A large group of disabled persons staged a protest in Mingora on Thursday over government’s alleged indifference towards ensuring their rights. govt promised to give faculties like job opportunity to disability card holder issued by the National Database and Registration Authority. However 2 years have passed but nothing was done. these disable ppl wanted to stand on thr own feet and earn there living but they werent provided wid job opportunites or equal right to receive education. ocational centres were demanded where they can learn some practical skills. they said that there are not being but askng govt of pakistan to strt a realistic programme,which enables us to learn,work and earn. Some people from the government agree that government is not successful in providing the disable people with their rights. They agree that people have equal right as they are also part of the society,they agree that disable pe ople are not considered prefect for the society ,if given chance they will prove capable to be fit in society. Special Persons Development Association president Mr Daudzai said his organisation would continue fighting for the rights of the disabled persons. He said physically challenged persons were contributing their due share to national development and progress by serving in many private and public sector institutions. also stated that, disable are not given facilities as given by other countries. UN adopted â€Å"Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006† to make legal framework for providing PWDs equal opportunities in every sphere of life. Pakistan being signatory to this convention had taken a number of steps to facilitate such persons. â€Å"Disabled Persons’ (Employment and Rehabilitation) Ordinance fixed the responsibility of the State toward the prevention of disabilities; protection of of persons with disabilities; and provision of medical care, education, training, employment, and rehabilitation to the persons with disabilities. rights How to cite Social Exclusion and Disability, Essay examples

Management of Information System Technology Services

Question: Discuss about the Management of Information System Technology Services. Answer: Introduction The IT4IT Reference Architecture offers a holistic guidance in order to implement IT management capabilities for digital enterprise at present days. In addition, it is positioned as peer to the comparable reference architectures like NRF/ARTS and TMF Framework. Present report deals with background and justification for adopting IT4IT Reference Architecture in Delta Lloyd and adoption road map that explains the process of implementation. Moreover, challenges faced by Delta Lloyd at the time of adoption process are described in the present report. It also explains the outcomes of IT4IT adoption in Delta Lloyd and recommendations for improving IT service management. Background and justification of IT4IT adoption Thorson (2013, p.141) stated that with the help of IT4IT standard, members of The Open Group have generated a usable and practical piece of work, which underpins and improves the things like COBIT, ITIL, CMMI and Agile that makes a relation directly with TOGAF 9 and ArchiMate. Borrowing from the principles of management transforms the process of manufacturing and it includes formal IT operating model that is based on value chain approach. It is known as IT value chain and three-level functional reference architecture, which encompasses major IT value streams of Delta Lloyd (Wang Wang, 2012, p.241). Application of value chain thinking to the operations in the organizations allows analyzing the weakness of the organization (The Open Group, 2017). In addition, adoption of the reference framework in Delta Lloyd allows the organization to find the bottlenecks of the company and the opportunities that can improve performance of the organization. Josey (2015, p.631) mentioned that adoption of the IT4IT Reference Architecture provides perspective guidance on the process of managing the service models as well as life-cycle of the ongoing operations and the types of systems that can be put into the place in order to gain competitive advantages in the business (The Open Group, 2017). Along with these, adoption of the reference framework allows the organization to reduce costs and make simplification of the process along with bringing end-to-end traceability to the production of the company (Josey et al. 2016, p.134). It is intended to have outcomes for IT4IT Reference Architecture enables IT management in order to work across entire value chain in better, faster as well as cheaper way with fewer risks. Adoption of the reference architecture implies in cloud computing that benefits in service orientation and take right decisions and actions at the time of the reaching to the risk point where infrastructure provisioning shift left to the teams of DevOps System and to the application software. Adoption road map The reference architecture enables choreography of four high level IT value streams such as Strategy to Portfolio, Requirement to Deploy, Request to Fulfill as well as Detect to Correct. Each of the value streams can be broken down into detailed functions and includes a number of functional elements used to manage data objects (Cannatelli et al. 2014, p.311). In Delta Lloyd, adoption of the reference architecture is processed through a number of steps. Planning and designing: In order to implement the IT4IT Reference framework, it is required to plan and design of the entire process at first. In this phase, Delta Lloyd need to develop IT project plan and make logical service model. In addition, functional and technical requirements are achieved in this step. Developing: Agile, iterative and waterfall are developed in this step. In addition, source and setting up of dev environment along with vision control and developer testing are achieved in the step of implementation in Delta Lloyd. Testing: Davis (2015, p.641) asserted that functional such as desktop and web mobile application are achieved in this step of implementation in the organization. In addition, performance is measured and status as well as dynamic security is analyzed in this stage of deployment of IT4IT at Delta Lloyd. Deploying: Releasing the plans and changing configuration process are included in this step of implementation (The Open Group, 2017). In addition, knowledge management and application of security monitoring is achieved in this step of the implementation of the reference architecture. Challenges encountered at Delta Lloyd during adoption process A deeper analysis of adapting IT4IT Reference Architecture shows that Delta Lloyd has faced several challenges that are encountered during the process of adoption. Grammatikopoulos and Pond (2016, p.1) commented that there is lacking of real architecture vision on realizing the new paradigms. In addition, the essence of the ITFIT is architecture based on ITIL V3/2011. It also explains and structures major components of ITIL (The Open Group, 2017). The service of Life-cycle and incidents and issues make changes in the organization. In addition, major IT4IT value streams like Strategy2Portfolio and Requirement2Deploy are based on traditional plan and develop approach for run. IT4IT brings tremendous extra value for giving the clients architecture of the organization for business of IT (Josey, 2015, p.201). However, some of the organizations cannot get afford of it. Hence, the majority of the enterprises including Delta Lloyd are struggling with implementing the service and service life-cycle as well as core thoughts associated with ITIL. Hence, it s required to make sense to start using the reference framework in order to analyze present situation and set a baseline for getting further optimization. Outcomes of IT4IT adoption in Delta Lloyd Implementation of IT4IT can provide several results at Delta Lloyd that can be described as followed. Preliminary phase and creating vision: It is crucial to assign ownership for adopting the reference architecture in Delta Lloyd (Attaran, 2015, p.541). There are number of key roles involved within the organization requires to manage process of IT management as well as applications required to support value streams of IT4IT. On the other hand, the vision of Delta Lloyd required IT management capabilities and investigation of medium as well as long-term roadmap of technology. As-Is Analysis: The major use of the reference model is making comparison with baseline state of Delta Lloyd. IT4IT recommends baseline states that can be modeled by using the ArchiMate notation. In the process, identification of the stakeholders as well as analysis of the baseline skills along with competences is included in this step (Maes et al. 2016, p.795). The gap analysis is generated in order to compare with IT4IT Reference Architecture. To-Be Architecture: The target of the architecture is modeled in ArchiMate notation. Thus, it is likely to start with the goals as well as drivers. One of the useful tools for defining the goals of IT is goals of CORBIT 5 Goals Cascade. Therefore, to-be architecture consists of different EA domains like business, application, technology and data. Gap Analysis: One of the key activities to develop architecture is achieved in this step. The gap analysis requires to be performed of present situation and against the target model (Strzelczak, 2014, p.605). Gaps in all areas of architecture are processed in this step such as skills, capabilities, data and functionality of system. Opportunities and solution; migration and implementation: The gaps result good starting point that can be used in the lean techniques like DMAIC that can identify the quick-wins as well as rationalization scopes such as consolidating tools for different service management. Recommendations Some challenges encountered during the process of implementation results some issues in IT service management. Therefore, it is required to take some actions and follow some approaches that can be helpful to achieve better results for IT4IT adoption in Delta Lloyd. It is required to enable the capabilities for the service model end-to-end as well as top-to-bottom services. The automation capabilities are required to achieve single-service delivery and with higher levels of automation through cloud containers such as Docker. The service models across the layers need to consume the application services through consuming infrastructure services. It is also important to map the financial support capabilities in each of the value streams. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that adoption of the IT4IT Reference Architecture provides several benefits to the organization. The value stream of IT4IT like Strategy to Portfolio helps to take decisions to select the services and the process of delivering. In addition, it also helps to cloud finance outputs. However, some challenges faced by the organization can generate some issues in the process of adoption. Thus, appropriate approaches and actions need to be taken that can results in producing best possible output for adopting IT4IT in the organization. References Attaran, A., 2015. Unanimity on death with dignitylegalizing physician-assisted dying in Canada.New England Journal of Medicine,vol.372, no.22, pp.2080-2082. Cannatelli, A., Giani, T., D'Andrea, M.M., Di Pilato, V., Arena, F., Conte, V., Tryfinopoulou, K., Vatopoulos, A., Rossolini, G.M. and COLGRIT Study Group, 2014. MgrB inactivation is a common mechanism of colistin resistance in KPC carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae of clinical origin.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, pp.AAC-03110. Davis, C.J., 2015. The IT4IT reference architecture, version 2.0. Grammatikopoulos, P. and Pond, R.C., 2016. Identifying the multiplicity of crystallographically equivalent variants generated by iterative phase transformations in Ti.Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials,vol.72, no.1. Josey, A., 2015. The IT4IT Reference Architecture, Version 2.0. Josey, A., Lankhorst, M., Band, I., Jonkers, H. and Quartel, D., 2016. An Introduction to the ArchiMate 3.0 Specification.White Paper from The Open Group. Josey, A., 2015.The IT4IT Reference Architecture, Version 2.0A Pocket Guide. Van Haren. Maes, S.H., Rossen, L., Kim, W.J., Kuchler, K., Vana, J., Fiedler, P., Desai, A.A., Johnson, C.W. and Yang, M., Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp, 2016.Execution of end-to-end processes across applications. U.S. Patent vol.9,no.229,p.795. Strzelczak, S., 2014. Core ontology for manufacturing and logistics.Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarz?dzanie/Politechnika ?l?ska, (73), pp.603-618. The Open Group 2017.Case Studies and Testimonials | The Open Group, viewed 30 March 2017, https://www.opengroup.org/IT4IT/testimonials Thorson, G., 2013. " The Hardest Button to Button"-A Critical Analysis of Jack White and the White Stripes. Wang, T. Wang, C.T., 2012.Computer Vision for the Structured Representation and Stylisation of Visual Medial Collections(Doctoral dissertation, University of Surrey).

The Role of Fdi in India Essay Example

The Role of Fdi in India Essay FDI Policy in India FDI as defined in Dictionary of Economics (Graham Bannock et. al) is investment in a foreign country through the acquisition of a local company or the establishment there of an operation on a new (Greenfield) site. To put in simple words, FDI refers to capital inflows from abroad that is invested in or to enhance the production capacity of the economy. [3] Foreign Investment in India is governed by the FDI policy announced by the Government of India and the provision of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) 1999. The Reserve Bank of India (‘RBI’) in this regard had issued a notification,[4] which contains the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or issue of security by a person resident outside India) Regulations, 2000. This notification has been amended from time to time. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India is the nodal agency for motoring and reviewing the FDI policy on continued basis and changes in sectoral policy/ sectoral equity cap. The FDI policy is notified through Press Notes by the Secretariat for Industrial Assistance (SIA), Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP). The foreign investors are free to invest in India, except few sectors/activities, where prior approval from the RBI or Foreign Investment Promotion Board (‘FIPB’) would be required. FDI Policy with Regard to Retailing in India It will be prudent to look into Press Note 4 of 2006 issued by DIPP and consolidated FDI Policy issued in October 2010[5] which provide the sector specific guidelines for FDI with regard to the conduct of trading activities. a) FDI up to 100% for cash and carry wholesale trading and export trading allowed under the automatic route. ) FDI up to 51 % with prior Government approval (i. e. FIPB) for retail trade of ‘Single Brand’ products, subject to Press Note 3 (2006 Series)[6]. c) FDI is not permitted in Multi Brand Retailing in India. Entry Options For Foreign Players prior to FDI Policy Although prior to Jan 24, 2006, FDI was not authorised in retailing, most general players had been operating in the country. Some of entrance routes u sed by them have been discussed in sum as below:- 1. Franchise Agreements We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Fdi in India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Fdi in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Fdi in India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is an easiest track to come in the Indian market. In franchising and commission agents’ services, FDI (unless otherwise prohibited) is allowed with the approval of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under the Foreign Exchange Management Act. This is a most usual mode for entrance of quick food bondage opposite a world. Apart from quick food bondage identical to Pizza Hut, players such as Lacoste, Mango, Nike as good as Marks as good as Spencer, have entered Indian marketplace by this route. 2. Cash And Carry Wholesale Trading 00% FDI is allowed in wholesale trading which involves building of a large distribution infrastructure to assist local manufacturers. [7] The wholesaler deals only with smaller retailers and not Consumers. Metro AG of Germany was the first significant global player to enter India through this route. 3. Strategic Licensing Agreements Some foreign brands give exclusive licences and distribution rights to Indian companies. Through these rights, Indian compan ies can either sell it through their own stores, or enter into shop-in-shop arrangements or distribute the brands to franchisees. Mango, the Spanish apparel brand has entered India through this route with an agreement with Piramyd, Mumbai, SPAR entered into a similar agreement with Radhakrishna Foodlands Pvt. Ltd 4. Manufacturing and Wholly Owned Subsidiaries. The foreign brands such as Nike, Reebok, Adidas, etc. that have wholly-owned subsidiaries in manufacturing are treated as Indian companies and are, therefore, allowed to do retail. These companies have been authorised to sell products to Indian consumers by franchising, internal distributors, existent Indian retailers, own outlets, etc. For instance, Nike entered through an exclusive licensing agreement with Sierra Enterprises but now has a wholly owned subsidiary, Nike India Private Limited. FDI in Single Brand Retail The Government has not categorically defined the meaning of â€Å"Single Brand† anywhere neither in any of its circulars nor any notifications. In single-brand retail, FDI up to 51 per cent is allowed, subject to Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) approval and subject to the conditions mentioned in Press Note 3[8] that (a) only single brand products would be sold (i. . , retail of goods of multi-brand even if produced by the same manufacturer would not be allowed), (b) products should be sold under the same brand internationally, (c) single-brand product retail would only cover products which are branded during manufacturing and (d) any addition to product categories to be sold under â€Å"single-brand† would require fresh approval from the government. While the phrase ‘sing le brand’ has not been defined, it implies that foreign companies would be allowed to sell goods sold internationally under a ‘single brand’, viz. Reebok, Nokia, Adidas. Retailing of goods of multiple brands, even if such products were produced by the same manufacturer, would not be allowed. Going a step further, we examine the concept of ‘single brand’ and the associated conditions: FDI in ‘Single brand’ retail implies that a retail store with foreign investment can only sell one brand. For example, if Adidas were to obtain permission to retail its flagship brand in India, those retail outlets could only sell products under the Adidas brand and not the Reebok brand, for which separate permission is required. If granted permission, Adidas could sell products under the Reebok brand in separate outlets. what is a ‘brand’? Brands could be classified as products and multiple products, or could be manufacturer brands and own-label brands. Assume that a company owns two leading international brands in the footwear industry – say ‘A’ and ‘R’. If the corporate were to obtain permission to retail its brand in India with a local partner, it would need to specify which of the brands it would sell. A reading of the government release indicates that A and R would need separate approvals, separate legal entities, and may be even separate stores in which to operate in India. However, it should be noted that the retailers would be able to sell multiple products under the same brand, e. g. , a product range under brand ‘A’ Further, it appears that the same joint venture partners could operate various brands, but under separate legal entities Now, taking an example of a large departmental grocery chain, prima facie it appears that it would not be able to enter India. These chains would, typically, source products and, thereafter, brand it under their private labels. Since the regulations require the products to be branded at the manufacturing stage, this model may not work. The regulations appear to discourage own-label products and appear to be tilted heavily towards the foreign manufacturer brands There is ambiguity in the interpretation of the term ‘single brand’. The existing policy does not clearly codify whether retailing of goods with sub-brands bunched under a major parent brand can be considered as single-brand retailing and, accordingly, eligible for 51 per cent FDI. Additionally, the question on whether co-branded goods (specifically branded as such at the time of manufacturing) would qualify as single brand retail trading remains unanswered. FDI in Multi Brand Retail The government has also not defined the term Multi Brand. FDI in Multi Brand retail implies that a retail store with a foreign investment can sell multiple brands under one roof. In July 2010, Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce circulated a discussion paper[11] on allowing FDI in multi-brand retail. The paper doesn’t suggest any upper limit on FDI in multi-brand retail. If implemented, it would open the doors for global retail giants to enter and establish their footprints on the retail landscape of India. Opening up FDI in multi-brand retail will mean that global retailers including Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Tesco can open stores offering a range of household items and grocery directly to consumers in the same way as the ubiquitous ’kirana’ store. Foreign Investor’s Concern Regarding FDI Policy in India For those brands which adopt the franchising route as a matter of policy, the current FDI Policy will not make any difference. They would have preferred that the Government liberalize rules for maximizing their royalty and franchise fees. They must still rely on innovative structuring of franchise arrangements to maximize their returns. Consumer durable majors such as LG and Samsung, which have exclusive franchisee owned stores, are unlikely to shift from the preferred route right away. For those companies which choose to adopt the route of 51% partnership, they must tie up with a local partner. The key is finding a partner which is reliable and who can also teach a trick or two about the domestic market and the Indian consumer. Currently, the organized retail sector is dominated by the likes of large business groups which decided to diversify into retail to cash in on the boom in the sector – corporates such as Tata through its brand Westside, RPG Group through Foodworld, Pantaloon of the Raheja Group and Shopper’s Stop. Do foreign investors look to tie up with an existing retailer or look to others not necessarily in the business but looking to diversify, as many business groups are doing? An arrangement in the short to medium term may work wonders but what happens if the Government decides to further liberalize the regulations as it is currently contemplating? Will the foreign investor terminate the agreement with Indian partner and trade in market without him? Either way, the foreign investor must negotiate its joint venture agreements carefully, with an option for a buy-out of the Indian partner’s share if and when regulations so permit. They must also be aware of the regulation which states that once a foreign company enters into a technical or financial collaboration with an Indian partner, it cannot enter into another joint venture with another Indian company or set up its own subsidiary in the ‘same’ field’ without the first partner’s consent if the joint venture agreement does not provide for a ‘conflict of interest’ clause. In effect, it means that foreign brand owners must be extremely careful whom they choose as partners and the brand they introduce in India. The first brand could also be their last if they do not negotiate the strategic arrangement diligently. Concerns for the Government for only Partially Allowing FDI in Retail Sector A number of concerns were expressed with regard to partial opening of the retail sector for FDI. The Hon’ble Department Related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Commerce, in its 90th Report, on ‘Foreign and Domestic Investment in Retail Sector’, laid in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha on 8 June, 2009, had made an in-depth study on the subject and identified a number of issues related to FDI in the retail sector. These included: It would lead to unfair competition and ultimately result in large-scale exit of domestic retailers, especially the small family managed outlets, leading to large scale displacement of persons employed in the retail sector. Further, as the manufacturing sector has not been growing fast enough, the persons displaced from the retail sector would not be absorbed there. Another concern is that the Indian retail sector, particularly organized retail, is still under-developed and in a nascent stage and that, therefore, it is important that the domestic retail sector is allowed to grow and consolidate first, before opening this sector to foreign investors. Antagonists of FDI in retail sector oppose the same on various grounds, like, hat the entry of large global retailers such as Wal-Mart would kill local shops and millions of jobs, since the unorganized retail sector employs an enormous percentage of Indian population after the agriculture sector; secondly that the global retailers would conspire and exercise monopolistic power to raise prices and monopolistic (big buying) power to reduce the prices received by the suppliers; thirdly, it would lead to asymmetrical growth in cities, causing discontent and soci al tension elsewhere. Hence, both the consumers and the suppliers would lose, while the profit margins of such retail chains would go up. LIMITATIONS OF   THE PRESENT SETUP Infrastructure There has been a lack of investment in the logistics of the retail chain, leading to an inefficient market mechanism. Though India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables (about 180 million MT), it has a very limited integrated cold-chain infrastructure, with only 5386 stand-alone cold storages, having a total capacity of 23. 6 million MT. , 80% of this is used only for potatoes. The chain is highly fragmented and hence, perishable horticultural commodities find it difficult to link to distant markets, including overseas markets, round the year. Storage infrastructure is necessary for carrying over the agricultural produce from production periods to the rest of the year and to prevent distress sales. Lack of adequate storage facilities cause heavy losses to farmers in terms of wastage in quality and quantity of produce in general. Though FDI is permitted in cold-chain to the extent of 100%, through the automatic route, in the absence of FDI in retailing; FDI flow to the sector has not been significant. Intermediaries dominate the value chain Intermediaries often flout mandi norms and their pricing lacks transparency. Wholesale regulated markets, governed by State APMC Acts, have developed a monopolistic and non-transparent character. According to some reports, Indian farmers realize only 1/3rd of the total price paid by the final consumer, as against 2/3rd by farmers in nations with a higher share of organized retail. Improper Public Distribution System (â€Å"PDS†) There is a big question mark on the efficacy of the public procurement and PDS set-up and the bill on food subsidies is rising. In spite of such heavy subsidies, overall food based inflation has been a matter of great concern. The absence of a ‘farm-to-fork’ retail supply system has led to the ultimate customers paying a premium for shortages and a charge for wastages. No Global Reach The Micro Small Medium Enterprises (â€Å"MSME†) sector has also suffered due to lack of branding and lack of avenues to reach out to the vast world markets. While India has continued to provide emphasis on the development of MSME sector, the share of unorganised sector in overall manufacturing has declined from 34. % in 1999-2000 to 30. 3% in 2007-08[12]. This has largely been due to the inability of this sector to access latest technology and improve its marketing interface. Rationale behind Allowing FDI in Retail Sector FDI can be a powerful catalyst to spur competition in the retail industry, due to the current scenario of low competition and poor productivity. The policy of single-brand retail was adopt ed to allow Indian consumers access to foreign brands. Since Indians spend a lot of money shopping abroad, this policy enables them to spend the same money on the same goods in India. FDI in single-brand retailing was permitted in 2006, up to 51 per cent of ownership. Between then and May 2010, a total of 94 proposals have been received. Of these, 57 proposals have been approved. An FDI inflow of US$196. 46 million under the category of single brand retailing was received between April 2006 and September 2010, comprising 0. 16 per cent of the total FDI inflows during the period. Retail stocks rose by as much as 5%. Shares of Pantaloon Retail (India) Ltd ended 4. 84% up at Rs 441 on the Bombay Stock Exchange. Shares of Shopper’s Stop Ltd rose 2. 02% and Trent Ltd, 3. 19%. The exchange’s key index rose 173. 04 points, or 0. 99%, to 17,614. 48. But this is very less as compared to what it would have been had FDI upto 100% been allowed in India for single brand. The policy of allowing 100% FDI in single brand retail can benefit both the foreign retailer and the Indian partner – foreign players get local market knowledge, while Indian companies can access global best management practices, designs and technological knowhow. By partially opening this sector, the government was able to reduce the pressure from its trading partners in bilateral/ multilateral negotiations and could demonstrate India’s intentions in liberalising this sector in a phased manner. Permitting foreign investment in food-based retailing is likely to ensure adequate flow of capital into the country its productive use, in a manner likely to promote the welfare of all sections of society, particularly farmers and consumers. It would also help bring about improvements in farmer income agricultural growth and assist in lowering consumer prices inflation. Apart from this, by allowing FDI in retail trade, India will significantly flourish in terms of quality standards and consumer expectations, since the inflow of FDI in retail sector is bound to pull up the quality standards and cost-competitiveness of Indian producers in all the segments. It is therefore obvious that we should not only permit but encourage FDI in retail trade. Lastly, it is to be noted that the Indian Council of Research in International Economic Relations (ICRIER), a premier economic think tank of the country, which was appointed to look into the impact of BIG capital in the retail sector, has projected the worth of Indian retail sector to reach $496 billion by 2011-12 and ICRIER has also come to conclusion that investment of ‘big’ money (large corporates and FDI) in the retail sector would in the long run not harm interests of small, traditional, retailers. In light of the above, it can be safely concluded that allowing healthy FDI in the retail sector would not only lead to a substantial surge in the country’s GDP and overall economic development, but would inter alia also help in integrating the Indian retail market with that of the global retail market in addition to providing not just employment but a better paying employment, which the unorganized sector (kirana and other small time retailing shops) have undoubtedly failed to provide to the masses employed in them. Industrial organisations such as CII, FICCI, US-India Business Council (USIBC), the American Chamber of Commerce in India, The Retail Association of India (RAI) and Shopping Centers Association of India (a 44 member association of Indian multi-brand retailers and shopping malls) favour a phased approach toward liberalising FDI in multi-brand retailing, and most of them agree with considering a cap of 49-51 per cent to start with. The international retail players such as Walmart, Carrefour, Metro, IKEA, and TESCO share the same view and insist on a clear path towards 100 per cent opening up in near future. Large multinational retailers such as US-based Walmart, Germany’s Metro AG and Woolworths Ltd, the largest Australian retailer that operates in wholesale cash-and-carry ventures in India, have been demanding liberalisation of FDI rules on multi-brand retail for some time. Thus, as a matter of fact FDI in the buzzing Indian retail sector should not just be freely allowed but per contra should be significantly encouraged. Allowing FDI in multi brand retail can bring about Supply Chain Improvement, Investment in Technology, Manpower and Skill development,Tourism Development, Greater Sourcing From India, Upgradation in Agriculture, Efficient Small and Medium Scale Industries, Growth in market size and Benefits to government through greater GDP, tax income and employment generation. Prerequisites before allowing FDI in Multi Brand Retail and Lifting Cap of Single Brand Retail FDI in multi-brand retailing must be dealt cautiously as it has direct impact on a large chunk of population. Left alone foreign capital will seek ways through which it can only multiply itself, and unthinking application of capital for profit, given our peculiar socio-economic conditions, may spell doom and deepen the gap between the rich and the poor. Thus the proliferation of foreign capital into multi-brand retailing needs to be anchored in such a way that it results in a win-win situation for India. This can be done by integrating into the rules and regulations for FDI in multi-brand retailing certain inbuilt safety valves. For example FDI in multi –brand retailing can be allowed in a calibrated manner with social safeguards so that the effect of possible labour dislocation can be analyzed and policy fine tuned accordingly. To ensure that the foreign investors make a genuine contribution to the development of infrastructure and logistics, it can be stipulated that a percentage of FDI should be spent towards building up of back end infrastructure, logistics or agro processing units. Reconstituting the poverty stricken and stagnating rural sphere into a forward moving and prosperous rural sphere can be one of the justifications for introducing FDI in multi-brand retailing. To actualize this goal it can be stipulated that at least 50% of the jobs in the retail outlet should be reserved for rural youth and that a certain amount of farm produce be procured from the poor farmers. Similarly to develop our small and medium enterprise (SME), it can also be stipulated that a minimum percentage of manufactured products be sourced from the SME sector in India. PDS is still in many ways the life line of the people living below the poverty line. To ensure that the system is not weakened the government may reserve the right to procure a certain amount of food grains for replenishing the buffer. To protect the interest of small retailers the government may also put in place an exclusive regulatory framework. It will ensure that the retailing giants do resort to predatory pricing or acquire monopolistic tendencies. Besides, the government and RBI need to evolve suitable policies to enable the retailers in the unorganized sector to expand and improve their efficiencies. If Government is allowing FDI, it must do it in a calibrated fashion because it is politically sensitive and link it (with) up some caveat from creating some back-end infrastructure. Further, To take care of the concerns of the Government before allowing 100% FDI in Single Brand Retail and Multi- Brand Retail, the following recommendations are being proposed :- Preparation of a legal and regulatory framework and enforcement mechanism to ensure that large retailers are not able to dislocate small retailers by unfair means. Extension of institutional credit, at lower rates, by public sector banks, to help improve efficiencies of small retailers; undertaking of proactive programme for assisting small retailers to upgrade themselves. Enactment of a National Shopping Mall Regulation Act to regulate the fiscal and social aspects of the entire retail sector. Formulation of a Model Central Law regarding FDI of Retail Sector Important highlights of Economic Outlook 2011-12 Agriculture grew at 6. 6% in 2010-11. This year’s monsoon is projected to be in the range of 90 to 96 per cent, based on which Agriculture sector is pegged to grow at 3. % in 2011-12! Industry grew at 7. 9% in 2010-11. Projected to grow at 7. 1% in 2011-12 Services grew at 9. 4% in 2009-10. Projected to grow at 10. 0% in 2011-12 Investment rate projected at 36. 4% in 2010-11 and 36. 7% in 2011-12 Domestic savings rate as ratio of GDP projected at 33. 8% in 2010-11 34. 0% in 2011-12 Current Account deficit is $44. 3 billion (2. 6% of GDP) in 2010-11 and projected at $54. 0 billion (2. 7% of GDP) in 2011-12 Merchandise trade deficit is $ 130. 5 billion or 7. 59% of the GDP in 2010-11 and projected at $154. 0 billion or 7. % of GDP in 2011-12 Invisibles trade surplus is $ 86. 2 billion or 5. 0% of the GDP in 2010-11 and projected at $100. 0 billion or 5. 0% in 2011-12 Capital flows at $61. 9 billion in 2010-11 and projected at $72. 0 billion in 2011-12 FDI inflows projected at $35 billion in 2011/12 against the level of $23. 4 billion in 2010-11 FII inflows projected to be $14 billion which is less than half that of the last year i. e $30. 3 billion Accretion to reserves was $15. 2 billion in 2010-11. Projected at $18. 0 billion in 2011-12 Inflation rate would continue to be at 9 per cent in the month of July-October 2011. There will be some relief starting from November and will decline to 6. 5% in March 2012. Foreign direct investment; net (BoP; US dollar) in India The Foreign direct investment; net (BoP; US dollar) in India was last reported at 11008159606. 75 in 2010, according to a World Bank report released in 2011. The Foreign direct investment; net (BoP; US dollar) in India was 19668790288. 40 in 2009, according to a World Bank report, published in 2010. The Foreign direct investment; net (BoP; US dollar) in India was reported at 24149749829. 71 in 2008, according to the World Bank. Foreign direct investment is net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net, that is, net FDI in the reporting economy from foreign sources less net FDI by the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U. S. dollars. This page includes a historical data chart, news and forecast for Foreign direct investment; net (BoP; US dollar) in India. Indias diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services. Services are the major source of economic growth, accounting for more than half of Indias output with less than one third of its labour force. The economy has posted an average growth rate of more than 7% in the decade since 1997, reducing poverty by about 10 percentage points. Total 933. 2 100 2705. 0 100 231530. 1 100

Sanctions on Iraq essays

Sanctions on Iraq essays The sanctions that have been placed on Iraq by the United States 10 years ago are now being the cause of the death of thousands of children because of inadequate medicine, food and water. The united states have been asked by the united nations and many other countries to remove these sanctions over the Iraqi people so they can go back to living their normal healthy lives and the states has repeatedly refused this move. The whole reason for these sanctions is when Saddam Hussein borrowed money from Kuwait in order to be able to stay powerful on top of his war with Iran. He backed up his military with this money and it helped a great deal in the defeat over Iran. The years went by and Kuwait started asking for the money to be paid back. Iraq refused to pay the money and said that they did not have enough funds to pay of the dept at the moment. Everyone was aware of Iraqs chemical and biological researches that were costing Iraq a lot more than it would if they would intend to pay Kuwait. When things got out of hand and Kuwait demanded that the money be paid back, Saddam Hussein flexed his muscles and military and decided to show Kuwait that if he did not plan to pay then nothing can make him pay, he was willing to go in to war with Kuwait, this is when international powers got in to play with the game. The United States, England and Russia took very high offensive against Iraq and decided that they would escalate things in to a near world war. They bombed Iraqs power plants, bridges, water filters and many other necessities that people cannot live without. As a result people were living with no power in their houses and still do till today, they have no refrigerators for their food, no heating systems for the winter colds and not enough funds to buy medicine if a member of the family gets sick. After the United States and other international powers put Iraqs offensive to a stand still they began ...